Hordeum vulgare
Omics
Epigenomics
| Species | Categorization | Article Overview | Tissue | Stress | Growth Stage | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Histone modificantion | Two barley plant-specific HD2 histone deacetylases, HvHDAC2-1 and HvHDAC2-2, exhibit differential expression across tissues and seed developmental stages and between cultivars with varying seed size, associating them with seed development. Their expression responds to jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), and salicylic acid (SA), implying an association with stress resistance. This suggests a role for HvHDAC2-1 and HvHDAC2-2 in the epigenetic regulation of barley seed development and stress response. | Aerial parts of plants | JA, ABA, and SA | seedling | Demetriou et al,. 2009 | |
Hordeum vulgare | Histone modificantion | Stress induction in immature barley pollen rapidly reorganizes chromatin modifications (H3K4me2, H3K9ac, H3K9me2, H3K27me3), establishing a new stable pattern within 24 hours. This indicates cell fate transition is completed early during induction. Trichostatin A (TSA) stimulated embryogenesis in pollen with gametophytic chromatin patterns. However, TSA administered to embryogenic pollen reversed chromatin markers to a gametophytic profile, halted embryogenesis, and caused pollen death. | immature pollen | epi-drug trichostatin A | heading | Pandey et al,. 2017 |
Hordeum vulgare | Histone modificantion | Phosphorylation at histone H3 threonine 11 (H3Thr11ph) occurs in plant mitosis and meiosis, contrasting with mammalian cells. In plants, H3Thr11ph distributes along entire condensed chromosomes, while H3Ser10ph and H3Ser28ph localize to centromeric/pericentromeric chromatin. H3Thr11ph initiates in prophase, ends in telophase, and correlates with chromosome condensation, independent of heterochromatin distribution. Cantharidin treatment induced interphase H3Thr11ph, particularly in pericentromeric regions. These dynamics indicate histone modifications are highly specific and suggest divergent histone codes between plants and animals. | seedlings | cantharidin treatment | seedling | Houben et al,. 2005 |
Hordeum vulgare | Chromatin remodeling | ATAC-seq analysis in barley crown tissues revealed that prolonged high-temperature exposure increased chromatin accessibility. Hypersensitive chromatin regions within genes exhibited higher repeatability than intergenic regions. Genes with open chromatin regions (OCRs) in regulatory elements included stress-responsive factors (calcium-dependent protein kinase, MAPK3, RLK, TIFY, bZIP, NPR1). Crucially, heat-induced loss of chromatin accessibility correlated with downregulation of gibberellin signaling-related genes. Chromatin accessibility changes showed stronger association with temperature response than genotype variation. | crown tissues | high temperature stress | tillering | Kiełbowicz-Matuk et al,. 2024 |
Hordeum vulgare | Chromatin remodeling | A single-point mutation (L130F) in the centromere-targeting domain of CENH3 reduces centromere loading in barley, sugar beet, and Arabidopsis thaliana. Haploids form when cenh3 L130F-complemented null mutants cross with wild-type plants due to uniparental chromosome elimination. This elimination requires competition between mutant and wild-type CENH3, as centromeres harboring exclusively mutant or wild-type CENH3 do not trigger elimination. The evolutionarily conserved mutation site enables broad haploid technology applications in crops. | barley, sugar beet, and Arabidopsis thaliana | Karimi-Ashtiyani et al,. 2015 | ||
Hordeum vulgare var. nudum | Non-coding RNA | Genome-wide miRNA profiling in Tibetan hulless barley identified 156 miRNAs (35 known, 121 novel), with six novel miRNAs experimentally validated. Conserved miRNAs (e.g., miR156, miR166) regulate phytohormone signaling, metabolism, and development. Target prediction identified 1280 genes for 101 miRNAs; RLM-5' RACE validated PLN03212, MATE eukaryotic, and GRAS as targets of hvu-miR159a, hvu-miR166a, and hvu-miR171-3p, respectively. KEGG analysis showed targets predominantly associate with metabolic pathways. miRNA-target pairs regulate multigene expression through concordant miRNA expression and feedback loops, controlling embryonic development during germination and seedling growth. | embryo and seedling | seedling | Dou et al,. 2021 | |
Hordeum vulgare var. nudum | Non-coding RNA | RNA-seq analysis identified 8,916 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between resistant (Kunlun 14) and susceptible (Z1141) Tibetan hulless barley infected with Pyrenophora graminea. Key DEGs were enriched in a plant–pathogen interaction pathway. Integrated small RNA and degradome sequencing validated four miRNA-target pairs regulating leaf stripe resistance: *Hvu-miR168-5p*/HvAGO1, *Hvu-novel-52*/HvGRF6, *Hvu-miR6195*/CLP, and *Hvu-miR159b*/GAMYB. Overexpression of HvAGO1 in Arabidopsis conferred resistance against Botrytis cinerea. Transcriptome and miRNA profiling of HvAGO1-overexpressing lines enabled construction of a protein-protein interaction network for barley leaf stripe resistance, providing targets for breeding disease-resistant varieties. | leaf | Pyrenophora graminea infection | seedling | Wang et al., 2025 |
Hordeum brevisubulatum | DNA methylation | We analyzed genetic diversity and population genetic structure of four artificial populations of wild barley (Hordeum brevisubulatum); 96 plants collected from the Songnen Prairie in northeastern China were analyzed using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), specific-sequence amplified polymorphism (SSAP) and methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) markers. | leaf | Shan et al., 2012 |
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